Convolutional codes represent a cornerstone in modern communications, offering a method for continuously encoding data streams to mitigate errors due to interference and noise. These codes operate by ...

Decoding techniques for product and staircase codes represent a dynamic research area in error-correcting codes, underpinning robust data transmission and storage applications. Product codes, which ...

Polar codes are a channel coding technology and all channel coding technology works in basically a quite similar way. Communication links are susceptible to errors due to random noise, interference, ...

FEC (forward-error-correction) techniques correct errors at the receiver end of digital communications systems. In contrast with error-detection and retransmission ...