Classes and objects in Java must be initialized before they are used. You’ve previously learned that class fields are initialized to default values when classes are loaded, and that objects are ...

Object-oriented systems are usually partitioned into layers of related responsibilities and only dependencies in one direction are allowed, from higher layers (more specific, less reusable) to lower ...

Java properties have been a staple of Java development for many years. Even today, Java properties are used in popular frameworks and tools such as the Spring Framework and Ant. Most of the Java ...

Persistent Java objects simplify the storage and exchange of complex object structures. Poet Software's FastObjects j2 is a pure Java implementation of an object database management system (ODBMS). It ...