Examples on these pages illustrate the details of reference formats. We make every attempt to show examples that are in keeping with APA Style’s guiding principles of inclusivity and bias-free language.

A reference list is required in APA Style papers that include works cited in the text. The reference list allows readers to identify and locate the cited works. The following example shows the proper format …

This page contains reference examples for journal articles, including articles with article numbers, articles with missing information, retractions, abstracts, online-only supplemental material, and …

Oct 20, 2025 · This guide contains common examples of APA Style references. Section numbers indicate where to find the examples in the Publication Manual of the American Psychological …

Find tutorials, the APA Style Blog, how to format papers in APA Style, and other resources to help you improve your writing, master APA Style, and learn the conventions of scholarly publishing.

Consistency in reference formatting allows readers to focus on the content of your reference list, discerning both the types of works you consulted and the important reference elements (who, when, …

This page contains sample papers formatted in seventh edition APA Style. The sample papers show the format that authors should use to submit a manuscript for publication in a professional journal and …

This page contains reference examples for whole authored books, whole edited books, republished books, and multivolume works. Note that print books and ebooks are formatted the same.

Reference Guide for Journal Articles, Books, and Edited Book Chapters Invert names so that the last name comes first, followed by a comma and the initials. Leave a space between initials. Retain the …

Jun 4, 2020 · This page contains reference examples for webpages such as news website; comments on news website pages; webpages with government, organizational, or individual authors; and when …