The Russian annexation of Crimea in 2014 prompted strong condemnation from NATO and a renewed focus on collective defence. The 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine led to a major reinforcement of …

In February 2022, Russia’s President Putin committed a “breach of civilization” when he unleashed a devastating war in an effort to remove Ukraine’s right to exist independently.¹ In so doing, he brought …

This resource explores a timeline of key events, decisions, and the role of NATO after the Cold War and in the 21st century. Exploring current NATO membership and non-member partnerships, changes in …

3 days ago · NATO is a military alliance that, at its establishment in 1949, sought to create a counterweight to Soviet armies stationed in central and eastern Europe after World War II. It was …

Oct 16, 2025 · Originally conceived as a bulwark against Soviet expansion during the Cold War, NATO has undergone remarkable transformation, evolving from a rigid anti-communist alliance into a …

During this time, NATO adopted the strategic doctrine of "Massive Retaliation” – if the Soviet Union attacked, NATO would respond with nuclear weapons.

Apr 14, 2010 · In 1949, the prospect of further Communist expansion prompted the United States and 11 other Western nations to form the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). The Soviet Union …

Apr 4, 2023 · The North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) was formed at the start of the Cold War to protect Western Europe against the threat of Soviet aggression but its remit and reach has expanded …

Jul 3, 2023 · This chapter presents the Cold War balance of power between the United States and its NATO allies, and the Soviet Union and its Warsaw Pact allies until the fall of the Iron Curtain.

Jul 10, 2024 · Sten Rynning's new book provides a comprehensive history of why and how NATO was founded. The book outlines and navigates the challenges that the alliance has faced over the …