However, in most cases you start with ggplot(), supply a dataset and aesthetic mapping (with aes()). You then add on layers (like geom_point() or geom_histogram()), scales (like scale_colour_brewer()), …

plotly: turn your ggplot interactive Another awesome feature of ggplot2 is its link with the plotly library. If you know how to make a ggplot2 chart, you are 10 seconds away to rendering an interactive version. …

ggplot(mpg, aes(y = fl)) + geom_bar(): Flip Cartesian coordinates by switching x and y aesthetic mappings. u + coord_polar(theta = "x", direction = 1): theta, start, direction.

A system for 'declaratively' creating graphics, based on "The Grammar of Graphics". You provide the data, tell 'ggplot2' how to map variables to aesthetics, what graphical primitives to use, and it takes …

Feb 21, 2026 · The gridExtra package helps arrange multiple ggplot objects into a structured grid layout. Combines multiple plots into a single display. Helps compare distributions of different variables …

Check the full list of charts made with ggplot2 and learn how to customize the plots customizing the axes, the background color, the themes and others

1.1 Welcome to ggplot2 ggplot2 is an R package for producing statistical, or data, graphics. Unlike most other graphics packages, ggplot2 has an underlying grammar, based on the Grammar of Graphics …

The expression variable is evaluated within the layer data, so there is no need to refer to the original dataset (i.e., use ggplot (df, aes (variable)) instead of ggplot (df, aes (df$variable))). The names for x …

ggplot() initializes a ggplot object. It can be used to declare the input data frame for a graphic and to specify the set of aesthetic mappings for the plot, intended to be common throughout all subsequent …

As the first step in many plots, you would pass the data to the ggplot() function, which stores the data to be used later by other parts of the plotting system.